鹿谷故事館

初次接觸茶的人常讓一堆名詞搞得頭昏腦脹，基本上要先從一些基礎概念去了解茶，特別是對於茶的種類的分別有一概念。

    全世界的茶葉種類有紅茶、黃茶、綠茶、黑茶、白茶及青茶等六種類。而茶葉種類的區分是依據茶葉的製作方法為區分，而不是以茶樹品種去做區別。舉例來說，如市面上有極類似的茶葉商品品名如烏龍紅茶及紅烏龍，烏龍紅茶顧名思義它是一種紅茶，茶乾的外型條為條索狀或碎片狀，它稱此名的原因乃是以烏龍品種茶樹的採收葉(又稱茶菁)，用紅茶的製作方法製作出的茶。而紅烏龍是一種烏龍茶，茶乾外型為球狀，它被稱此名的原因乃是結合紅茶跟烏龍茶的製茶方式，但大部分製成以烏龍的作法為主。

    而鹿谷的凍頂烏龍茶，乃是屬於青茶類，而屬於青茶類的茶還有鐵觀音茶、文山包種茶、東方美人 (又名椪風茶、白毫烏龍、五色茶)。青茶類，乃是無論茶種，而是以青茶製作方式產出的茶。而凍頂烏龍茶、鐵觀音及文山包種茶，因其製作方式有些微不同而有不同的茶名。

凍頂烏龍茶的製作流程:

茶菁 ­­–> 日光萎凋 ­­–> 室內萎凋及攪拌 ­­–> 炒菁 ­­–> 揉捻

  ­­–> 初乾 ­­–> 團揉 ­­–> 再乾 ---此為毛茶；烘焙為精製。

烏龍茶的作法最大的特色是在團揉的部分，其製程就是將茶葉用布包覆成一球型，然後用機器將其旋緊至堅硬的狀態，然後解團，即是將茶球展開，需重複這動作三四十次，才能造就烏龍茶球型的茶乾。早期在鹿谷全以人工的方式為團揉的工序，可以知道以前茶葉的產出更為辛勞與費時。任何一杯茶的產出實屬珍貴，值得細細品味。

重點回顧:

凍頂烏龍茶是屬青茶類。

烏龍茶與紅茶從茶乾外觀可以直接區分出來，前者屬球狀；後者屬條索狀或碎片狀。

    It’s not easy to clarify all types of tea for the beginners of tea learning. The first step is to realize tea is from understanding what’s different between all types of tea.

There are six kinds of tea in the world, such as black tea, yellow tea, green tea, dark tea, white tea and celadon tea. To distinguish different kind of tea is according to the process of making tea not based on the different tea plant varieties. Such as Oolong Black Tea and Black Oolong Tea, Oolong Black Tea is kind of black tea and its dry tea is shed or twist shape. This kind of tea is use the leaves of Oolong tea plant variety to make black tea. However, Black Oolong Tea is one kind of Oolong tea. It combines the process of making Black tea and Oolong tea, but most part is based on the process of making Oolong Tea.

Dong Ding Oolong Tea of Lugu Township is one kind of Celadon. Oriental Beauty(White Tip Oolong、Boast Tea、Motley Tea), Pouchong Tea(Light Oolong)、Iron Goddess tea are Celadon tea. All of them are followed the process of making Celadon tea. However, they have different names because of some subtle making processes.

The process of making Dong Ding Oolong tea. T

There are two major methods.

Primary Processing；Then roasting.  

Tea Harvesting(Fresh leaves­­–> sun withering ­­–> indoor withering and tossing –> stir fixation ­­–> rolling­­–> First time drying ­­–>Ball rolling ­­–> Re-drying.

Refining processing:

Remove the tea stem ­­–> Roasting.

Tips:

Dong Ding Oolong Tea is one type of Celadon tea.

We can distinguish the Oolong tea and black tea from the appearance of dry tea. The former looks like ball shape；The latter looks like shed or twist.